Protein is one of the three essential macronutrients, alongside carbohydrates and fats. It is made up of smaller components called amino acids, which the body uses to build, maintain, and repair tissues.
Protein contributes to many biological processes beyond muscle development.
Its important functions include:
Muscle maintenance and repair, supporting normal muscle function
Tissue growth, helping the body maintain skin, organs, and other tissues
Enzyme production, supporting chemical reactions throughout the body
Hormone production, contributing to normal physiological processes
Immune function, supporting the production of antibodies and other immune components
Nutrient transport, helping move substances throughout the body
Cellular maintenance, supporting the renewal and repair of body tissues
Some amino acids are considered essential amino acids because the body cannot produce them in sufficient amounts. They must be obtained through food.
Animal-based foods generally provide all essential amino acids, while a varied combination of plant-based foods can also meet protein needs.
Including protein-rich foods as part of a balanced eating pattern helps provide the building blocks needed for everyday health.
Consult a healthcare provider or registered dietitian if you have concerns about your protein intake or nutritional needs, particularly during periods of illness, recovery, or increased physical activity.
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